Subjective / Written Questions (25)
1. Derive the kinetic and thermodynamic criteria distinguishing inert and labile octahedral complexes. / Octahedral complexes में inert और labile nature के kinetic तथा thermodynamic criteria derive कीजिए।
2. Explain conjugate-base mechanism in base hydrolysis and identify evidence supporting it. / Base hydrolysis के conjugate-base mechanism और उसके evidence समझाइए।
3. Analyse trans effect theories and predict substitution pathways in square-planar complexes. / Trans-effect theories से square-planar substitution pathways predict कीजिए।
4. Compare outer-sphere and inner-sphere electron-transfer mechanisms using Marcus-Hush concepts. / Marcus-Hush के आधार पर outer/inner-sphere electron transfer compare कीजिए।
5. Interpret Orgel and Tanabe-Sugano diagrams for transition-metal electronic spectra. / Orgel तथा Tanabe-Sugano diagrams से electronic spectra interpret कीजिए।
6. Derive microstate and term-symbol relationships for a selected dᶰ configuration. / Selected dᶰ configuration के microstates और term symbols derive कीजिए।
7. Explain radical stability, cage effects and SRN1 chemistry with mechanistic examples. / Radical stability, cage effect और SRN1 mechanism examples सहित समझाइए।
8. Use Woodward-Hoffmann rules and FMO arguments to predict electrocyclic stereochemical outcomes. / Woodward-Hoffmann तथा FMO से electrocyclic stereochemistry predict कीजिए।
9. Compare suprafacial/antarafacial cycloadditions and apply orbital-symmetry rules. / Suprafacial/antarafacial cycloadditions और orbital-symmetry rules compare कीजिए।
10. Analyse E1, E2 and E1cB eliminations and explain how substrate, base and leaving group control orientation. / E1, E2 और E1cB में substrate/base/leaving group के orientation effects analyse कीजिए।
11. Apply quantum-mechanical postulates and variational/perturbation methods to simple chemical systems. / Quantum postulates तथा variational/perturbation methods apply कीजिए।
12. Explain partition functions for translational, rotational, vibrational and electronic degrees of freedom. / Translational, rotational, vibrational और electronic partition functions समझाइए।
13. Compare collision and transition-state theories and infer mechanisms from complex rate laws. / Collision तथा transition-state theories compare करके complex rate laws से mechanism infer कीजिए।
14. Analyse crystal structures using Bragg's law and distinguish common solid-state lattices. / Bragg law से crystal structures analyse कीजिए।
15. Explain step-growth polymerization kinetics and molecular-weight averages. / Step-growth polymerization kinetics और molecular-weight averages समझाइए।
16. Compare solvent extraction, TLC, ion exchange, GC and HPLC on the basis of separation mechanism. / Separation mechanism के आधार पर extraction, TLC, ion exchange, GC और HPLC compare कीजिए।
17. Derive potentiometric relationships and explain errors of glass electrodes including acid and alkaline error. / Potentiometric relationships तथा glass-electrode errors derive कीजिए।
18. Explain electrochemical mass-transfer and charge-transfer control and their analytical consequences. / Mass-transfer तथा charge-transfer control और analytical consequences समझाइए।
19. Use 1H/13C NMR and mass spectral fragments together for structure identification. / 1H/13C NMR तथा mass fragments combine करके structure identify कीजिए।
20. Evaluate spot tests and semimicro elemental analysis for identifying functional groups and elements. / Spot tests तथा semimicro analysis का evaluation कीजिए।
21. Discuss nitrogenase and oxygen-evolving systems in terms of metal centres and biological electron transfer. / Nitrogenase और oxygen-evolving systems को metal centres/electron transfer के आधार पर discuss कीजिए।
22. Explain electron counting, oxidative addition, reductive elimination and β-hydride elimination in organometallic chemistry. / Organometallic chemistry में electron counting और key elementary steps समझाइए।
23. Analyse homogeneous catalytic cycles including hydroformylation, Wacker and Monsanto/Cativa chemistry. / Hydroformylation, Wacker और Monsanto/Cativa catalytic cycles analyse कीजिए।
24. Compare MOFs, COFs, metal carbonyls, boranes and nanomaterials in terms of bonding and applications. / MOFs, COFs, metal carbonyls, boranes और nanomaterials compare कीजिए।
25. Design an integrated analytical strategy for a complex sample using separation, electrochemistry and spectroscopy. / Complex sample के लिए separation, electrochemistry और spectroscopy आधारित integrated strategy बनाइए।