Subjective / Written Questions (25)
1. A firm faces a binding capacity constraint. Explain how relevant cost, contribution and opportunity cost should jointly affect a make-or-buy decision. / Capacity constraint वाली firm में make-or-buy decision के लिए relevant cost, contribution और opportunity cost को संयुक्त रूप से कैसे analyse करेंगे?
2. Critically compare marginal costing and absorption costing when inventory levels change, and explain the managerial implications of the resulting profit difference. / Inventory level बदलने पर marginal costing और absorption costing की तुलना कीजिए तथा profit difference के managerial implications समझाइए।
3. Design a CVP analysis for a multi-product firm and explain how sales mix changes the break-even point and margin of safety. / Multi-product firm के लिए CVP analysis design कीजिए और sales mix बदलने से break-even point तथा margin of safety पर प्रभाव समझाइए।
4. Evaluate activity-based costing as a response to distorted overhead allocation in a diversified manufacturing firm. / Diversified manufacturing firm में distorted overhead allocation की समस्या के समाधान के रूप में activity-based costing का मूल्यांकन कीजिए।
5. Explain how zero-base budgeting and performance budgeting differ in their control philosophy and practical use. / Zero-base budgeting और performance budgeting की control philosophy तथा practical use में अंतर समझाइए।
6. A division has spare capacity and an internal transfer is proposed. Analyse market-based and cost-based transfer prices and their behavioural consequences. / Spare capacity वाली division में internal transfer के लिए market-based तथा cost-based transfer prices और उनके behavioural consequences का analysis कीजिए।
7. Using opportunity cost and discounting principles, explain how a manager should evaluate two projects with different timing of cash flows. / Opportunity cost और discounting principles का प्रयोग करके अलग-अलग cash-flow timing वाले दो projects का managerial evaluation समझाइए।
8. Analyse how price elasticity, income elasticity and cross elasticity can lead to different pricing decisions for a product portfolio. / Price, income और cross elasticity किस प्रकार product portfolio की अलग-अलग pricing decisions को प्रभावित कर सकती हैं? विश्लेषण कीजिए।
9. Explain producer equilibrium with isoquants and isocosts and relate it to least-cost resource allocation. / Isoquants और isocosts द्वारा producer equilibrium समझाइए तथा इसे least-cost resource allocation से जोड़िए।
10. Critically evaluate oligopolistic pricing when firms are mutually interdependent and strategic responses matter. / Mutual interdependence और strategic responses वाली oligopoly में pricing का critical evaluation कीजिए।
11. Discuss negative and positive externalities and explain why private market outcomes can diverge from socially efficient outcomes. / Negative और positive externalities की चर्चा कीजिए तथा private market outcome socially efficient outcome से क्यों अलग हो सकता है समझाइए।
12. Compare the administrative and normative models of decision-making and identify the conditions under which each is more realistic. / Administrative और normative decision-making models की तुलना कीजिए तथा किन परिस्थितियों में कौन अधिक realistic है बताइए।
13. Evaluate Mintzberg's managerial roles alongside classical management theory in a technology-driven organization. / Technology-driven organization में Mintzberg managerial roles और classical management theory का तुलनात्मक मूल्यांकन कीजिए।
14. Explain how mechanistic and organic structures respond differently to environmental uncertainty and innovation pressure. / Environmental uncertainty और innovation pressure में mechanistic तथा organic structures अलग-अलग कैसे respond करते हैं?
15. Critically examine the relationship among authority, responsibility, accountability, centralization and decentralization. / Authority, responsibility, accountability, centralization और decentralization के interrelationship का critical examination कीजिए।
16. Compare expectancy theory, Herzberg's two-factor theory and Theory X/Y as explanations of managerial motivation. / Expectancy theory, Herzberg two-factor theory और Theory X/Y को managerial motivation की explanations के रूप में compare कीजिए।
17. Analyse how transformational leadership differs from transactional leadership in a major organizational change. / Major organizational change में transformational और transactional leadership की भूमिका का विश्लेषण कीजिए।
18. Design a communication-improvement framework for an organization facing channel overload, filtering and feedback failure. / Channel overload, filtering और feedback failure से जूझ रहे organization के लिए communication-improvement framework design कीजिए।
19. Explain how PERT, CPM and Balanced Scorecard can complement one another in strategic control. / Strategic control में PERT, CPM और Balanced Scorecard एक-दूसरे को कैसे complement कर सकते हैं?
20. Compare FDI, licensing and joint venture as modes of international entry under different control and risk requirements. / Different control और risk requirements में FDI, licensing और joint venture को international entry modes के रूप में compare कीजिए।
21. Critically assess the economic and business implications of WTO agreements such as GATS, TRIPS, SPS and TBT for India. / GATS, TRIPS, SPS और TBT जैसे WTO agreements के India पर economic तथा business implications का critical assessment कीजिए।
22. Explain FEMA's distinction between current-account and capital-account transactions and its relevance to cross-border business. / FEMA में current-account और capital-account transactions के distinction को cross-border business के संदर्भ में समझाइए।
23. Analyse the logic of trade creation versus trade diversion in a regional economic grouping. / Regional economic grouping में trade creation और trade diversion के logic का analysis कीजिए।
24. A business analyst must choose between regression-based forecasting and qualitative judgement. Discuss the criteria for selecting an appropriate forecasting approach. / Business analyst को regression-based forecasting और qualitative judgement में से चुनना हो तो appropriate approach के selection criteria discuss कीजिए।
25. Compare Chi-square testing, t-testing and control charts as tools for business decision-making, highlighting what each can and cannot establish. / Chi-square, t-test और control charts को business decision-making tools के रूप में compare कीजिए और बताइए कि प्रत्येक क्या establish कर सकता है और क्या नहीं।