Subjective / Written Questions (25)
1. Coordination compounds की Werner theory को समझाइए तथा primary और secondary valency की अवधारणा स्पष्ट कीजिए। / Explain Werner's theory of coordination compounds and distinguish between primary and secondary valencies.
2. Coordination compounds में ligands, coordination number, denticity और chelation को उदाहरणों सहित समझाइए। / Explain ligands, coordination number, denticity and chelation in coordination compounds with examples.
3. Coordination compounds की IUPAC nomenclature के प्रमुख नियम उदाहरणों सहित लिखिए। / State the major rules of IUPAC nomenclature of coordination compounds with examples.
4. Valence Bond Theory की सहायता से octahedral और tetrahedral complexes की bonding तथा magnetic behaviour समझाइए। / Explain bonding and magnetic behaviour of octahedral and tetrahedral complexes using Valence Bond Theory.
5. Crystal Field Theory के आधार पर octahedral और tetrahedral complexes में d-orbital splitting समझाइए। / Explain d-orbital splitting in octahedral and tetrahedral complexes on the basis of Crystal Field Theory.
6. Chelate effect क्या है? Stability of chelate complexes को प्रभावित करने वाले कारकों की चर्चा कीजिए। / What is the chelate effect? Discuss the factors affecting the stability of chelate complexes.
7. Alkali और alkaline-earth metals के सामान्य गुणों की तुलना कीजिए तथा anomalous behaviour of lithium और beryllium समझाइए। / Compare the general properties of alkali and alkaline-earth metals and explain the anomalous behaviour of lithium and beryllium.
8. s-block elements के प्रमुख compounds के preparation और important properties का वर्णन कीजिए। / Describe the preparation and important properties of important compounds of s-block elements.
9. H₂O₂ की संरचना, oxidation-reduction behaviour और प्रमुख reactions समझाइए। / Explain the structure, oxidation-reduction behaviour and important reactions of H₂O₂.
10. Crown ethers की संरचना और alkali-metal ions के साथ उनकी complex formation को समझाइए। / Explain the structure of crown ethers and their complex formation with alkali-metal ions.
11. Qualitative inorganic analysis में group separation का आधार और common-ion तथा solubility-product concepts की भूमिका समझाइए। / Explain the basis of group separation in qualitative inorganic analysis and the role of common-ion and solubility-product concepts.
12. Inorganic mixture में cations और anions की systematic identification की सामान्य scheme समझाइए। / Explain the general systematic scheme for identifying cations and anions in an inorganic mixture.
13. Van der Waals equation को derive कीजिए तथा constants a और b का physical significance समझाइए। / Derive the Van der Waals equation and explain the physical significance of constants a and b.
14. Critical constants तथा van der Waals constants के बीच संबंध व्युत्पन्न कीजिए। / Derive the relations between critical constants and van der Waals constants.
15. Maxwell distribution of molecular speeds को समझाइए तथा most probable, average और root-mean-square speeds के बीच संबंध लिखिए। / Explain the Maxwell distribution of molecular speeds and give the relations among most probable, average and root-mean-square speeds.
16. Law of corresponding states और reduced variables की अवधारणा समझाइए। / Explain the law of corresponding states and the concept of reduced variables.
17. First law of thermodynamics को mathematical form में समझाइए तथा internal energy और enthalpy में संबंध स्थापित कीजिए। / Explain the first law of thermodynamics mathematically and establish the relation between internal energy and enthalpy.
18. Hess's law of constant heat summation को समझाइए और thermochemical calculations में इसके applications बताइए। / Explain Hess's law of constant heat summation and discuss its applications in thermochemical calculations.
19. Heat of formation, heat of combustion और bond dissociation energy को परिभाषित कीजिए तथा इनके बीच संबंध समझाइए। / Define heat of formation, heat of combustion and bond dissociation energy and explain their relationships.
20. Joule-Thomson effect तथा inversion temperature को समझाइए। / Explain the Joule-Thomson effect and inversion temperature.
21. Electrochemical cell, electrode potential और standard electrode potential की अवधारणाएँ समझाइए। / Explain the concepts of electrochemical cell, electrode potential and standard electrode potential.
22. Nernst equation को derive कीजिए और इसके applications in electrochemistry समझाइए। / Derive the Nernst equation and explain its applications in electrochemistry.
23. Electrochemical series का उपयोग predicting feasibility of redox reactions और cell potential में कैसे किया जाता है? समझाइए। / Explain how the electrochemical series is used to predict the feasibility of redox reactions and cell potentials.
24. Transport number की परिभाषा दीजिए और moving-boundary तथा Hittorf methods का संक्षिप्त वर्णन कीजिए। / Define transport number and briefly describe the moving-boundary and Hittorf methods for its determination.
25. Organic chemistry में conformation और configuration में अंतर स्पष्ट कीजिए तथा Newman और Sawhorse projections का उपयोग समझाइए। / Distinguish between conformation and configuration in organic chemistry and explain the use of Newman and Sawhorse projections.