Subjective / Written Questions (25)
1. Explain how cost concepts, revenue curves and market structure jointly determine a firm’s pricing and output decisions.
2. Compare price determination under perfect competition and monopoly, including the significance of marginal revenue.
3. Discuss price discrimination and the conditions under which different prices can be sustained across markets.
4. Explain monopolistic competition and why product differentiation creates some degree of market power despite many sellers.
5. Analyse marginal productivity theory of distribution and its assumptions in a competitive factor market.
6. Compare Ricardian rent with quasi-rent and explain why the latter is associated with the short-run scarcity of some factors.
7. Discuss classical and loanable-funds theories of interest and the role of saving and investment.
8. Compare Schumpeter, Knight and J.K. Mehta’s views of profit and the uncertainty-bearing function.
9. Evaluate industrial development policy in India with reference to public enterprises, private industry and changing post-reform structures.
10. Discuss the economic role and persistent problems of cottage and small-scale industries.
11. Analyse industrial labour problems and explain how labour-market conditions affect industrial productivity and equity.
12. Explain the composition and direction of India’s foreign trade and discuss how structural changes alter trade vulnerability.
13. Evaluate the role and performance of India’s service sector in structural transformation.
14. Analyse demographic features of India and Uttar Pradesh and their implications for employment and human-capital policy.
15. Discuss the nature and problems of agriculture in Uttar Pradesh and the constraints on agricultural diversification.
16. Assess the challenges and prospects of exports from Uttar Pradesh.
17. Explain static and dynamic equilibrium and distinguish them using the role of time and adjustment.
18. Solve and interpret simultaneous equations as representations of market equilibrium and distinguish graphical from algebraic solutions.
19. Explain slopes and rates of change in economic functions and their interpretation for demand, cost and revenue.
20. Compare simple, compound, logarithmic and exponential growth rates and explain why compounding changes interpretation.
21. Explain first- and second-order derivatives and their use in economic optimisation.
22. Explain elasticity of demand using derivatives and distinguish point elasticity from a simple slope.
23. Analyse profit maximisation and cost minimisation using marginal conditions.
24. Explain MPC, MPS and the identity linking them in a simple income-expenditure framework.
25. Discuss capital-output ratio and its interpretation for growth and investment requirements.